TYPHOID
This was the disaster disease which cause human life in danger.
The causative organism is known as Salmonella typhi.
It differs in two important ways from the “non-typhoidal” Sal-monella:
•S. Typhi naturally colonizes and infects only humans.
•Typhoid is generally a significantly more severe disease clinically. However, mild and inapparent infections with S. typhi can occur.
Paratyphoid fever which is rare in the United States clinically resembles typhoid .
There are three distinct Salmonella serovars that can cause paratyphoid, and they are usually human microorgan-isms.
First, the older typhoid vaccines were poorly immuno-genic. Far more important in reduc-ing typhoid morbidity rates were the vast improvements in sanitation and hygiene . Unfortunately, because of the different epidemiology of non-typhoidal salmonellosis, control of those infections has not been nearly as effective.
Some of typhoid cases are reported annually in NC, and the majority of these occur in foreign travelers from countries where typhoid is still allive. Thus, perhaps the most important practical aspect of preventing typhoid in NC just we need to make people aware of this.
Infection with S. typhi can occur directly or indirectly (e.g., via contaminated food or water) from someone acutely infected with the organism or from a typhoid carrier. typhoid carrier is arbitrarily defined as someone who continues to excrete S. typhi in his or her stool or urine over six months after acquiring infection.
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SYMPTOMS
The incubation period is 10 to 20 days .
Initially, the patient's temperature rises gradually to 40C. This is likely to be accompanied by sweats, a loss of appetite, coughing, headache and possibly constipation .
Children often vomit also have diarrhoea.
2 thing.
The fever remains very high and the pulse becomes weak and rapid.
Severe diarrhoea, which may contain blood.
Even when symptoms disappear, people can still carry the bacteria and pass it on.
Even typhoid may lead to dangerous complications such as perforation or bleeding of the intestine, and pneumonia.
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